01 - Preheat oven to 425°F. Line a rimmed baking sheet with parchment paper for easy cleanup.
02 - Place trimmed asparagus spears in a single layer on the prepared baking sheet, ensuring they are not overcrowded.
03 - Drizzle olive oil evenly over asparagus. Sprinkle with kosher salt and black pepper. Use tongs to toss gently, ensuring each spear is lightly coated.
04 - Roast in preheated oven for 12-15 minutes until asparagus is tender when pierced with a fork and tips are lightly golden.
05 - Remove from oven. Immediately sprinkle hot asparagus with grated Parmesan cheese and fresh lemon zest while still warm.
06 - Squeeze fresh lemon juice over the top just before serving. Serve immediately while warm.